作者：安道成 来源：原创 发布日期：08-22
A | The cell phones, tablets, and laptops left behind by veterans who died by suicide may offer insight that could help prevent future military suicides, according to a nonprofit dedicated to analyzing the data from the devices.Stop Soldier Suicide collects the technology as part of its initiative, "The Black Box Project," which is named after the black boxes found on planes that help determine the cause of aviation incidents."If we could gather novel data from those that have died by suicide, we might be able to recreate the last year of life," Stop Soldier Suicide CEO Chris Ford told ABC News.Veterans are 57% more at risk for suicide than non-military adults and around 6,000 veterans die by suicide each year, according to the Department of Veterans Affairs."I think we can prevent needless suffering and a ton of loss of life," Ford said.That kind of loss is something David McDaniel, whose son Connor died by suicide at the age of 26, knows all too well.Connor McDaniel joined the Army after high school, and, according to David, he appeared upbeat during his deployment to Afghanistan, where he was assigned to protect local villages from the Taliban."Some of his Army buddies told me that he was making them laugh while they were being shelled in Afghanistan," David McDaniel told ABC News.But it wasn't long after Connor came home that David McDaniel says he sensed a shift in his son's behavior to include "more anger, a lot of frustration, a lot of gloominess."On Sept. 1, 2021, David says his son entered a wooded area with a firearm."I start screaming his name as I'm walking up the field. And just then the police, the sheriff's department shows up and they tell me to come back down," McDaniel said.He followed their direction, but on the car ride home, an officer called him and said Connor was dead after he fired upon sheriff's deputies and the deputies returned fire and killed him.Connor's death was determined to be a suicide. The district attorney's office concluded that the officers' actions were justified.While grappling with his son's death, David McDaniel was immediately drawn to the Black Box Project, which uses forensic software to unlock and comb through service members' devices provided by their loved ones to review their activity in the weeks leading up to their suicides.McDaniel works in the tech field and says if the project can find repeated patterns in online searches, they may be able to help others to prevent suicides.For instance, McDaniel says his son searched for SGLI, Servicemembers' Group Life Insurance, before his death. If a veteran were to make a similar search and look up "suicide" in the future, for example, McDaniel suggests it could trigger an ad for Stop Soldier Suicide to pop up and provide resources in the search results.Ford says the nonprofit uses machine learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence, to analyze texts and notes in order to determine sentiment or emotional tone, such as anger or desperation. He says they can also track phone usage of the deceased veterans to monitor their past sleep cycles and trace their past geo-locations."Machines can go through computations a lot faster than humans, and they can find signals that we often miss," Ford said.Since launching the Black Box Project in April 2020, Stop Soldier Suicide has received over 100 devices, Ford said. So far, he says they're seeing three patterns before most of these suicides: more anger, different sleep patterns, and social isolation.Ford's team includes Ph.D.s in clinical psychology and suicide researchers. A scientific advisory committee helps steer where and what to look for on the devices.The findings are still preliminary, according to the nonprofit, but one goal is to help the organization decide where, when, and how to target their own mental health resources, like adding more hotline staff at certain hours and ensuring calls are picked up overnight.When asked about privacy concerns of collecting data, Ford said it's something they think about daily."We don't resell the data. We don't push it out to others. We use it for our own research purposes so that we can best understand risk and then give those devices back to those families intact," Ford said.Current privacy laws do not carry on past death, meaning the next of kin typically gains new authority.Petra Oxford-Jackson, whose veteran husband Anthony died by suicide, says she gave his phone to the organization with the possibility it could save even one life."I truly believe he would have been okay with it, and it's a hard thing for a survivor to give up something so personal as his cell phone," Oxford-Jackson told ABC News.The Black Box Project received $3 million in funding from the Department of Veterans Affairs earlier this year.If you are struggling with thoughts of suicide or worried about a friend or loved one, call or text the Suicide & Crisis Lifeline at 988 for free, confidential emotional support 24 hours a day, seven days a week.。 国家疾控局微信公众号消息，国家疾控局发布《关于做好2024年“五一”假期及春夏季新冠病毒感染等重点传染病疫情防控工作的通知》。关于做好2024年“五一”假期及春夏季新冠病毒感染等重点传染病疫情防控工作的通知 各省、自治区、直辖市及新疆生产建设兵团联防联控机制（领导小组、指挥部），国务院联防联控机制各成员单位： 为贯彻落实党中央、国务院决策部署，进一步做好2024年“五一”假期及春夏季新冠病毒感染（以下简称新冠）等重点传染病疫情防控工作，保持全国疫情形势总体平稳，确保人民群众健康平安过节，现将有关要求通知如下： 一、高度重视“五一”假期及春夏季疫情防控工作 当前，我国传染病疫情形势总体平稳。新冠病毒JN.1变异株引起的全球疫情已过高峰并下降至较低水平，我国新冠疫情持续保持低水平波浪式流行态势，但新冠病毒仍在变异，疫情仍存在一定的反复性。我国部分传染病防控面临新情况新特征，部分地区流感疫情仍未回落到往年同期水平，百日咳疫情呈现快速增长趋势，手足口病报告病例数明显增加，多病共同流行成为常态。全球多个国家和地区出现登革热、麻疹等疫情反弹，境外疫情输入我国风险增加。“五一”假期人员流动性上升和聚集性活动增加，可能加大疫情传播风险，防控任务艰巨复杂。各地各部门要高度重视，始终把新冠等重点传染病防控工作摆在突出位置，做到思想不懈怠、防控不放松、措施不加码，坚决盯紧看牢、常抓不懈，扎实推进各项防控措施落地落细，继续保持疫情形势总体平稳，为经济社会发展创造良好环境。 二、加强口岸疫情防控 各口岸要密切关注全球新冠、登革热、麻疹、疟疾等重点传染病疫情，尤其是我周边国家和地区及重点来源国传染病疫情情况，按照“一国一策、一病一策、一口岸一策”原则，不断完善相关方案预案。疾控、卫生健康、海关等部门要加强信息共享，及时掌握新冠等重点传染病疫情流行趋势、病原变异等情况。落实入境人员体温监测、医学巡查、流行病学调查、医学排查等措施，做好入境人员新冠病毒核酸抽检，加强对疫情高发国家和地区入境人员、健康申报异常人员的卫生检疫，对检疫异常人员发放《就诊方便卡》，做好健康风险告知。引导出境人员关注目的地疫情动态，做好个人防护；对入境人员加强健康宣教，引导做好自我健康监测，出现不适症状及时就诊。
B | 三、加强监测预警和调查处置 各地要持续落实病例报告、发热门诊、哨点医院、病毒变异等新冠多渠道监测和呼吸道传染病多病原监测，及时掌握我国呼吸道传染病的流行特征和病原谱变化。各地要结合春夏季传染病流行特点及本地实际开展监测预警工作，强化手足口病等肠道传染病学校聚集性疫情监测，百日咳疫情上升地区要加强病原学监测和分析，登革热、疟疾等蚊媒传染病输入疫情上升地区要加强病媒生物监测。各地要动态开展疫情形势综合分析研判，及时掌握传染病疫情流行特征和发展态势。发生疫情后及时做好调查处置工作，加强病例流行病学调查，按相关要求依法依规报告传染病疫情信息，做好聚集性疫情和突发公共卫生事件的报告，做到早发现、早报告和早处置。 四、加强传染病医疗救治 各地要根据本地春夏季传染病流行形势做好医疗救治应对准备，加强医务人员培训，提高传染病早期识别和诊疗能力。加强医疗服务管理，强化落实首诊负责制，做好“五一”假期期间发热门诊、急诊等医疗应急值守安排，选派经验丰富的医务人员值班值守，确保医疗服务平稳有序。 五、加强预防接种 各地要持续做好预防接种工作，将国家免疫规划疫苗接种作为当前的重点工作，围绕国家免疫规划疫苗接种率不低于90%的核心目标，加强接种率监测评估，认真组织开展查漏补种工作。进一步优化预防接种服务，促进适龄儿童及时、全程接种百白破、麻腮风等国家免疫规划疫苗。继续推进重点人群接种含XBB变异株抗原成分的新冠病毒疫苗。严格做到“三查七对一验证”，做好冷链管理，加强疑似预防接种异常反应的监测和处置，确保接种安全。 六、加强重点机构疫情防控 各地要加强养老、托幼、学校、社会福利等机构的疫情防控，督促做好日常防护和健康监测。指导托幼机构、学校落实好晨午检、健康教育、环境消毒、因病缺勤缺课追踪与登记等措施，加强食品和饮用水管理，严防聚集性疫情发生，切实保障学生健康和校园安全。指导养老机构、社会福利机构加强外来人员探视、老年人和儿童回家及返院管理，出现发热、咳嗽、腹泻等症状人员要及时就医排查，降低疫情引入和传播风险。 七、加强旅途和旅游活动疫情防控 各地要指导客运场站根据客流变化，及时增加或开放进出站和安检通道，引导乘客有序进出站、候乘车（船、机），加强客运场站、高速公路服务区和收费站、交通运输工具清洁消毒和通风换气，倡导旅客进入客运场站和乘坐公共交通工具时科学佩戴口罩。各地旅游景区要及时动态疏导客流，避免室内场馆大规模人员聚集，做好室内旅游场所和室内场馆等人员密集、空间密闭场所的清洁消毒、通风换气等工作，适当增加经常接触的公共用品和设备设施的清洁消毒频次。
C | 住宿、餐饮服务单位要加强食品卫生和安全管理，确保公共用品用具、饮用水、食品等卫生质量符合相关标准，有效降低传染病发生的风险。 八、加强宣传教育 各地要及时、准确、客观发布疫情信息，做好科学解读和健康提示，有针对性地开展防控知识宣传和健康教育，大力倡导健康生活方式，努力提高群众自我防护和及时就诊意识。引导出行人员提前了解目的地传染病流行情况，做好出发前、旅途中和到达目的地后的防护准备，落实科学佩戴口罩、勤洗手、防蚊虫叮咬等防护措施。倡导有发热、咳嗽等呼吸道症状人员避免参加集体活动或前往人群密集场所。
D | 密切关注舆情动态和社会热点，及时发布权威信息解疑释惑。
E | 九、加强组织领导 各地要压紧压实各级党委政府、部门、机关和企事业单位、个人在疫情防控中的“四方责任”，将新冠疫情防控中的好机制和好做法常态化、制度化，继续坚持联防联控和多病同防，强化平急转换。加强“五一”假期值班值守，建立完善轮班轮休制度，做好医疗物资供应保障。结合本地实际加强春夏季传染病防控工作部署，盯住关键环节、突出防控重点，一旦发现疫情及时报告、快速反应、有效处置。开展疫情防控工作的全面自查，及时排查防控风险点和薄弱环节，及时补齐短板漏洞，坚决防止由于工作不细、管理不善引发聚集性疫情，切实保障人民群众生命安全和身体健康。
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